基于SVM預(yù)測電動(dòng)汽車并網(wǎng)局部電壓穩(wěn)定的研究
吳恒，余秋鵬
（國網(wǎng)江蘇省電力有限公司宿遷供電分公司, 江蘇 宿遷 223800）
摘 要：以IEEE14節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)作為電動(dòng)汽車隨機(jī)并網(wǎng)充電的模型，通過基于MATLAB仿真環(huán)境的PSAT軟件分別計(jì)算出電動(dòng)汽車隨機(jī)并網(wǎng)充電時(shí)充電母線和相鄰母線的電壓和相角參數(shù)，從而得出相應(yīng)的局部電壓穩(wěn)定性指標(biāo)(L 指標(biāo))。運(yùn)用支持向量機(jī)(SVM) 算法對電壓L 指標(biāo)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練和預(yù)測，結(jié)果表明，支持向量機(jī)算法簡單高效，有助于預(yù)測電動(dòng)汽車隨機(jī)接入并網(wǎng)充電對電網(wǎng)電壓穩(wěn)定L 指標(biāo)的影響。通過仿真算例得出電動(dòng)汽車隨機(jī)接入電網(wǎng)不僅對自身母線產(chǎn)生電壓穩(wěn)定的影響，而且對相鄰的母線電壓穩(wěn)定也產(chǎn)生較大的影響，其中對于電動(dòng)汽車并網(wǎng)充電的中部母線產(chǎn)生的電壓穩(wěn)定影響最大，最容易導(dǎo)致電壓穩(wěn)定事故。
關(guān)鍵詞：電動(dòng)汽車；并網(wǎng)充電；電壓穩(wěn)定L 指標(biāo)；支持向量機(jī)(SVM)
中圖分類號：TM712；U469.72 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A 文章編號：1007-3175(2019)10-0009-05
Research on Prediction of Local Voltage Stability of Electric Vehicles Based on SVM
WU Heng,YU Qiu-peng
（State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd, Suqian Power Supply Company, Suqian 223800, China）
Abstract: Taking the IEEE 14-bus system as the model of random grid charging of electric vehicles, this paper used the software PSAT in MATLAB simulation environment to respectively calculate the random grid charging electric vehicle charging bus and adjacent bus voltage and phase parameters, to obtain the corresponding index L of local voltage stability. The support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was used to train and predict the index L. The results show that the SVM algorithm is simple and efficient, helpful to predict the impact of random grid charging of electric vehicles on the grid voltage index L. Through simulation examples, it is concluded that the random access of the electric vehicle to the grid not only affects the voltage stability of its own bus, but also has a greater impact on the stability of the adjacent bus voltage, of which the voltage stability impact generated by the central bus of the electric vehicle connected to the grid is the maximum, easy to cause a voltage stability accident.
Key words: electric vehicle; grid charging; voltage stability index L; support vector machine
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] QIAN Kejun, ZHOU Chengke, ALLAN M, et al. Modeling of load demand due to EV battery charging in distribution systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems，2011，26(2)：802-810.
[2] 羅卓偉，胡澤春，宋永華，等. 電動(dòng)汽車充電負(fù)荷計(jì)算方法[J]. 電力系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)化，2011，35(14)：36-42.
[3] 田立亭，張明霞，汪奐伶. 電動(dòng)汽車對電網(wǎng)影響的評估和解決方案[J]. 中國電機(jī)工程學(xué)報(bào)，2012，32(31)：43-49.
[4] 竇曉軍. 電動(dòng)汽車充電負(fù)荷預(yù)測模型及對城市負(fù)荷影響研究[J]. 電網(wǎng)與清潔能源，2016，32(2)：103-108.
[5] 鄭穎，孫近文，張沖，等. 考慮電動(dòng)汽車接入的配電系統(tǒng)靜態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定裕度研究[J]. 電工技術(shù)學(xué)報(bào)，2014，29(8)：20-26.
[6] 肖勇，張明曄，張永旺，等. 考慮系統(tǒng)靜態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定性的電動(dòng)汽車充電設(shè)備就地控制方法研究[J].電力系統(tǒng)保護(hù)與控制，2015，43(13)：30-37.
[7] 王旭冉，郭慶來，孫宏斌，等. 計(jì)及電動(dòng)汽車充放電負(fù)荷的分布式電壓穩(wěn)定監(jiān)控方法[J]. 電力系統(tǒng)保護(hù)與控制，2015，43(16)：43-49.
[8] MAKASA K J, VENAYAGAMOORTHY G K.Estimation of Voltage Stability Index in a Power System with Plug-In Electric Vehicles[C]//IREP Symposium Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control- Ⅷ (IREP)，2010：1-6.
[9] ALDEJOHANN C, MAASMANN J, HORENKAMP W, et al. Testing Environment for Vehicle to Grid (V2G) Applications for Investigating a Voltage Stability Support Method[C]//IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo(ITEC)，2014：1-6.
[10] ZHANG Chong, CHEN Chong, SUN Jinwen, et al. Impacts of electric vehicles on the transient voltage stability of distribution network and the study of improvement measures[C]//IEEE Power and Energy Engineering Conference，2014：1729-1738.
[11] TABARI M, YAZDANI A.A Mathematical Model for Stability Analysis of a DC Distribution System for Power System Integration Plug-In Electric Vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology，2015，64(5)：1729-1738.
[12] DHARMAKEERTHI C H, MITHULANANTHAN N.PEV Load and Its Impact on Static Voltage Stability[J]. Plug-In Electric Vehicles in Smart Grids: Integration Techniques，2015，91(9)：221-248.
[13] HOOG J D, MUENZEL V, JAYASURIYA D C, et al. The importance of spatial distribution when analysing the impact of electric vehicles on voltage stability in distribution networks[J]. Energy Systems，2015，6(1)：63-84.
[14] 趙萬明. 基于支持向量機(jī)的靜態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定評估[D]. 成都：西南交通大學(xué)，2008.
[15] 茆美琴，龔文劍，張榴晨，等. 基于EEMD-SVM方法的光伏電站短期出力預(yù)測[J]. 中國電機(jī)工程學(xué)報(bào)，2013，33(34)：17-24.
[16] 張國云. 支持向量機(jī)算法及其應(yīng)用研究[D]. 長沙：湖南大學(xué)，2006.
[17] 王國勝. 支持向量機(jī)的理論與算法研究[D]. 北京：北京郵電大學(xué)，2007.
[18] 余貽鑫. 電壓穩(wěn)定研究評述[J]. 電力系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)化，1999，23(21)：1-8.
